IVA – the Royal Swedish Academy of Engineering Sciences – set up, in 2016, the project “Resource Efficient Business Models – Greater Competitiveness”, which resulted in a report presenting analyses and conclusions in five sectoral reports:

1. input goods
2. infrastructure
3. capital goods and durables
4. consumer products and
5. food.

Among its proposals, it suggests solutions for a sustainable usage of plastic for a more resource-efficient food chain, with an emphasis on circular flows. It also provides perspectives from companies in the infrastructure sector. Moreover, it presents its vision for mapping of resource flows, optimal use of infrastructure and other resource-efficient solutions, including aiming at increased use of recycled materials and the reuse of products.