The analysis of 23 EU-funded research and innovation projects highlights significant opportunities to advance the circular economy, particularly in waste electrical and electronic equipment (WEEE) and the recovery of critical raw materials (CRMs). The projects covered sectors including WEEE, batteries, photovoltaic panels, energy-intensive industries, advanced manufacturing and digital circular solutions.

The review found that successful circular economy initiatives combine reliable feedstock supply, effective reverse supply chains, appropriate technologies and strong value chain collaboration. 

See also other focus areas:

• Extended producer responsibility
• Recycled and bio-based content
• Circular public procurement 
• Transnational and regional initiatives