Genoa set itself an objective to close the loop on waste materials by taking advantage of treatment plants in the city's immediate vicinity. By adopting a long-term and territorially integrated approach, the city intends to achieve higher recycling rates within five years and strengthen the circular economy locally.

Lyon Métropole, which includes 59 municipalities and 1 300 000 inhabitants, wants to build a sustainable future for its citizens. The Métropole relies on green investments to face environmental challenges. Lyon is also committed to building circular solutions for the region and has been recognised as a ‘zero waste territory’ (territoire zéro déchet, zéro gaspillage) since 2015.

Oslo has been developing a waste management system based on circular principles to ensure separate waste collection is maximised and transform waste into secondary raw materials. To do so it has actively engaged with citizens, farmers as well as with its city’s public transportation company.

Facing dramatic deindustrialisation and an uncertain future, the city of Turin implemented processes that paired physical redevelopment with strategic planning to promote citywide revitalisation and economic restructuring in the 1990s. While the transformation has been profound, current challenges call for more circular strategies and an inclusive approach.

The purpose of the project has been to highlight the possibilities the municipalities and regions have to accommodate a more circular economy in the future.

Cities and regions in Alpine Space have mainly set their low-carbon objectives and adopted relevant strategies in energy, mobility, construction aso. The project GREENCYCLE aims to introduce the system of circular economy as a holistic approach to support implementation of low-carbon strategies and provide additional 2-4 % greenhouse emission reduction to the partner cities.

SYMBI project will contribute to improve the implementation of regional development policies and programmes related to the promotion and dissemination of Industrial Symbiosis and Circular Economy.

The main objective of SEA-MATTER is to demonstrate and validate the reuse of coastal algae and seaweed accumulations as raw materials in composites industry.

At the end of year 2014 the Lozere Department engaged in a territorial plan of waste prevention.

Among the different actions, the Department has implemented an action in three pilot colleges to fight food waste in the canteens. The ambitious and transversal program involved actors at all levels in the college: Director, Manager, kitchen team, teachers, students and their parents.

In Hamburg, green public procurement principles are included in the City's overarching procurement policy. Additional environmental contract requirements are imposed by the City.

Hamburg has taken a significant step forward to encourage an increase of recycling rates in construction materials by establishing an online exchange for soil, debris and construction materials.